Throughout middle school, students grow as readers, writers, speakers, and listeners, developing their critical thinking and habits of mind. The English curriculum is spiral in nature. Students learn and practice their skills each year, refining them to higher levels of sophistication. Multiple genres are read, including short stories, poetry, essays, plays, novels, graphic novels, and non-fiction, with an emphasis on comprehension developing into analysis and argumentation. Students sharpen their writing skills, both in a creative way and within formal structures, while expanding their vocabulary and understanding of mechanics. Alongside this, students formulate individual and group presentations, honing their skills in speaking, listening, and collaboration.