Geometry and Transformations
Essential Questions:
- How has geometry inspired artists?
- How is geometry used in product design and graphic arts?
- How are geometric shapes defined and classified by their properties?
Content:
- Definitions for line, segment, ray, angle (acute, obtuse, right), non/collinear points, midpoint, complementary/supplementary angles, intersecting/parallel lines, regular/irregular, congruent, circle, triangles, quadrilaterals, and other polygons
- Use the correct notations for geometric terms
- Types & properties of triangles and quadrilaterals
- Angular measurements in circles, triangles, and quadrilaterals
- Formulas for finding area of quadrilaterals, triangles, and circles and how were they derived
- Types of translations: translation (slide), rotation (turn), reflection (flip)
Skills and Processes:
*Find missing angle measurements using complementary/supplementary properties, and 180 in a triangle and a line
*Calculate the degrees in a polygon and find each angle measurement for regular shapes
*Measure and draw angles accurately with a protractor
*Explain the differences between different types of triangles and quadrilaterals; know the properties of each
*Use the correct formulas for finding area of 2D shapes: quadrilaterals, triangles, circles
*Use a Mira to reflect and check for lines of symmetry
*Perform three types of transformations on a figure (slide, flip, turn)
*Combine transformations to create a tessellation
Assessment:
- Written Test
- Geometry Story: Write a short story that uses geometric shapes and properties symbolically (e.g. A love letter from a square to a circle)
- Extensions: Read Flatland
- Tessellation Project
- Design packaging for a new product - find surface area from the 2D shapes that make the sides of the package.
Resources:
- Protractors, rulers, geometric shape kits (plastic/cut-out), tangram sets
- Tangram sets
- Origami constructions
- <Straw Polyhedra>
- Flatland by Edwin Abbott
- Slides, Flips, and Turns
- Examples of Escher tessellations
- Tessellation Exploration software (Tom Snyder Productions)
Multicultural Dimension:
- The work and life of MC Escher
- Extensions: Read Flatland - This book symbolically uses geometric shapes to connect with the social issues of caste systems and fairness.
Integrated Learning:
- Geometry and Art: Tesselations
- The work of MC Escher
- Product design and packaging (Arts and Engineering)
- Graphic Arts
- Geometry Story (Language Arts)
- Extensions: Read Flatland. (Language Arts and Humanities)